By Faith Barbara N Ruhinda Updated at 1422 EAT on Tuesday 27 May 2025

The Supreme Court is entering its final stretch of the term, with crucial decisions pending on cases related to transgender rights, LGBTQ+ issues, and executive authority. Initially, the term featured high-profile appeals on transgender rights and TikTok, but it has increasingly become entangled with President Donald Trump’s policies and politics.

With more than half of its argued cases from the term that began in October still pending, the justices are now working toward issuing a flurry of opinions through the end of June that could have profound implications for the federal government, religious interest groups and millions of American people.

The 6-3 conservative court’s end-of-term push has been complicated and overshadowed this year by more than a dozen emergency appeals tied to Trump’s second term, including cases dealing with mass firings, immigration and the president’s efforts to end birthright citizenship.

Those cases will continue even after the court rises for its summer break.

The first argued appeal involving Trump’s second term has quickly emerged as one of the most significant cases the juatices may decide in coming weeks.

The Justice Department claims that three lower courts vastly overstepped their authority by imposing nationwide injunctions that blocked the president from enforcing his order limiting birthright citizenship.

Trump has, for months, vociferously complained about courts pausing dozens of his policies with nationwide injunctions.

Whether a president can sign an executive order that upends more than a century of understanding, the plain text of the 14th Amendment and multiple Supreme Court precedents pointing to the idea that people born in the US are US citizens.

Tennessee is among a growing number of states to enact laws limiting or banning gender-affirming care for minors.

Republican lawmakers who support those bans say that decisions about the care should be made after an individual becomes an adult and that states have broad power to regulate medical treatment within their boundaries.

Before Trump took office, the Tennessee transgender case, US v. Skrmetti, was the court’s highest-profile pending appeal. Tennessee’s gender-affirming care ban restricts puberty blockers and hormone therapy for transgender minors and enacts civil penalties for doctors who violate the law. Surgeries are not at issue in the Supreme Court case.

The high court is also set to decide whether a school district in suburban Washington burdened the religious rights of parents by declining to allow them to opt their elementary-school children out of reading LGBTQ+booka in classroom

The case arrived at the Supreme Court at a moment when parents and public school districts have been engaged in a tense struggle over how much sway families should have over public school instruction.

The Supreme Court’s conservative majority signaled during arguments in late April that it would side with the parents in the case, continuing the court’s yearslong push to expand religious rights.

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